الدحيح | تاريخ الإنترنت

اقفل الرواتر وافتحه تاني نحن نعرف نسختين من الانترنت؛ 1.0 وهو انترنت ما قبل 2004 الذي تلعب فيه الشبكة دور مصدر للمعلومات المعروضة للمستخدمين، ونعرف إنترنت 2.0 وهو الإنترنت الذي يتفاعل فيه المستخدمون مع المعلومات أو يصنعوها.  ولكن من 2014 ظهرت فكرة إنترنت 3.0، التي تداخلت معها أفكار مثل الـ بلوكتشين والكريبتوكرنسي. فما هو إنترنت 3.0؟ وكيف يفكك مركزية الانترنت الحالي ويجعل الشبكة في المستقبل بعيدة عن مراقبة وتحكم المؤسسات الكبرى؟ #الدحيح #متحف_المستقبل المصادر: :Articles and Related Links   https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704630004576249013084603344#:~:text=The%20damage%20sent%20almost%20all%20of%20Armenia%20offline%20for%20about%2012%20hours.%20It%20also%20triggered%20a%20partial%20shutdown%20in%20Georgia%20and%20service%20interruptions%20in%20Azerbaijan%2C https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704630004576249013084603344#:~:text=Aishtan%20Shakarian%2C%20who%20lives%20in%20a%20small%20village%20near%20Georgian%20capital%20Tbilisi https://www.submarinecablemap.com/ https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/science-technology/604025/Hayastan-Shakarian-Georgia-Internet-Europe-Spade-Hacker https://www.thefoa.org/tech/ref/appln/FTTA.html https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/security/what-weve-learned-12-months-colonial-pipeline-attack#:~:text=July%202016%20report%20that%20Google%20at%20the%20time%20had%202.5%20million%20servers https://www.google.com/about/datacenters/locations/ https://www.internetlivestats.com/one-second/#:~:text=102%2C058Google%20searches%20in%201%20second https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-transatlantic-telegraph-cable-completed#:~:text=In%201866%2C%20the%20British%20ship,to%20be%20an%20impossible%20undertaking. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/first-transatlantic-telegraph-cable-completed#:~:text=On%20August%2016%2C%20President%20James%20Buchanan%20and%20Queen%20Victoria%20exchanged%20formal%20introductory%20and%20complimentary%20messages https://ethw.org/Transatlantic_Optical_Cable#:~:text=Its%20capacity%20lowered%20the%20cost%20of%20communications%20across%20the%20globe%20and%20provided%20indispensable%20infrastructure%20for%20the%20development%20of%20the%20Internet https://www2.telegeography.com/submarine-cable-faqs-frequently-asked-questions#:~:text=As%20of%20late%202021%2C%20there%20are%20approximately%20436 https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/undersea-cables-great-data-race-beneath-oceans-30651#:~:text=an%20infrastructure%20that%20spans%20about%201.2%20million%20kilometers%20and%20through%20which%20%2410%20trillion%20financial%20transactions%20pass%20every%20day https://youtu.be/Ve810FHZ1CQ?t=56 https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/undersea-cables-great-data-race-beneath-oceans-30651#:~:text=an%20infrastructure%20that%20spans%20about%201.2%20million%20kilometers%20and%20through%20which%20%2410%20trillion%20financial%20transactions%20pass%20every%20day https://www.ispionline.it/en/pubblicazione/undersea-cables-great-data-race-beneath-oceans-30651#:~:text=China%20and%20the%20United%20States%20are%20the%20major%20players%20and%20competitors%20of%20the%20undersea%20cable%20market https://edition.cnn.com/2019/07/25/asia/internet-undersea-cables-intl-hnk/index.html#:~:text=began%20operating%20between%20Bilbao%2C%20Spain%2C%20and%20the%20US%20state%20of%20Virginia%2C%20with%20transmission%20speeds%20of%20up%20to%20160%20terabits%20per%20second https://www.escaeu.org/articles/submarine-power-cables/#:~:text=70mm%20to%2C%20exceeding%2C%20210mm%20in%20diameter https://geonet.oii.ox.ac.uk/blog/mapping-the-global-submarine-fibre-optic-cable-network/#:~:text=Looking%20at%20the%20network%20at%20a%20more%20fine%2Dgrained%20scale%2C%20Alexandria%20(Egypt) https://www.submarinecablemap.com/ https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/internet-service-provider-isp-hierarchy/#:~:text=Internet%20Service%20Provider%20(ISP)%20is,%2C%20and%20Tier%2D3%20ISP. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/03/10/technology/internet-cables-oceans.html#:~:text=Queen%20Victoria%20commemorated%20the%20occasion%20with%20a%20message%20to%20President%20James%20Buchanan%20that%20took%2016%20hours%20to%20transmit. https://www.satelliteinternet.com/resources/satellite-internet-vs-cable-internet/#:~:text=Extra%20heavy%20rain%20or%20snow%20can%20sometimes%20interfere%20with%20the%20signal    Images’ Copyrights: Wikimedia commons (starlink mission- Elon musk - Charley Kline- Log of the 1st message sent on the internet- Sputnik 1 - Viktor Glushkov- Tim Berners-Lee - Mukhtar Ablyazov- Kassym-Jomart Tokayev) Computer History Museum (mainframe computers) UCLA (Leonard Kleinrock- Charley Kline) TeleGeography (submarine cable system around the world - submarine cables map 2022) Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper Archive (Map of the 1858 Atlantic Cable route from) Britannica (Steve jobs & Steve Wozniak with Apple 1)