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王朝の滅亡を気候変動で説明できるか?

社會部部長 268,741 3 years ago
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農耕民「参ったな、今年は寒いから食べ物が全然無いよ。」 遊牧民「寒いから食べ物分けて。」 参考文献 Chen, Qiang. “Climate Shocks, Dynastic Cycles and Nomadic Conquests: Evidence from Historical China.” Oxford Economic Papers, vol. 67, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2015, pp. 185–204. Chen, Qiang. “Dynastic Cycles and Nomadic Conquests: Further Evidence from China and World History.” Economic Growth and Transition of Industrial Structure in East Asia, Springer Singapore, 2018, pp. 59–72. Chu, C. Y., and R. D. Lee. “Famine, Revolt, and the Dynastic Cycle: Population Dynamics in Historic China.” Journal of Population Economics, vol. 7, no. 4, Springer International, 1994, pp. 351–78. Elvin. (2004). The Retreat of the Elephants: An Environmental History of China. Yale University Press. Fan, Ka-wai. “Climatic Change and Dynastic Cycles in Chinese History: a Review Essay.” Climatic change 101.3-4 (2009): 565–573. Fang, Jin-Qi, and Guo Liu. “Relationship Between Climatic Change and the Nomadic Southward Migrations in Eastern Asia During Historical Times.” Climatic Change, vol. 22, no. 2, Springer, 1992, pp. 151–68. Fang, XiuQi, et al. “Transmission of Climate Change Impacts from Temperature Change to Grain Harvests, Famines and Peasant Uprisings in the Historical China.” Science China. Earth Sciences, vol. 58, no. 8, Science China Press, 2015, pp. 1427–39. Hinsch, Bret. “Climatic Change and History in China.” Journal of Asian History, vol. 22, no. 2, Harrassowitz Verlag, 1988, pp. 131–59. Gao, Chaochao, et al. “Volcanic Climate Impacts Can Act as Ultimate and Proximate Causes of Chinese Dynastic Collapse.” Communications Earth & Environment, vol. 2, no. 1, Nature Publishing Group, 2021, pp. 1–11. Lee, Harry F., et al. “Climatic Change and Chinese Population Growth Dynamics over the Last Millennium.” Climatic Change, vol. 88, no. 2, Springer Netherlands, 2007, pp. 131–56. Pei, Qing, and David D. Zhang. “Long-Term Relationship Between Climate Change and Nomadic Migration in Historical China.” Ecology and Society, vol. 19, no. 2, Resilience Alliance, 2014, p. 68–. Wei, Zhudeng, et al. “Macro-Economic Cycles Related to Climate Change in Dynastic China.” Quaternary Research, vol. 83, no. 1, Cambridge University Press, 2015, pp. 13–23. Yin, Jun, et al. “Correlation Between Climate and Grain Harvest Fluctuations and the Dynastic Transitions and Prosperity in China over the Past Two Millennia.” Holocene (Sevenoaks), vol. 26, no. 12, SAGE Publications, 2016, pp. 1914–23. Zhang, David D., et al. “Climatic Change, Wars and Dynastic Cycles in China Over the Last Millennium.” Climatic Change, vol. 76, no. 3, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2006, pp. 459–77. Zhang, David D., et al. “Climate Change and War Frequency in Eastern China over the Last Millennium.” Human Ecology : an Interdisciplinary Journal, vol. 35, no. 4, Springer, 2007, pp. 403–14. Zhang, David D., et al. “Global Climate Change, War, and Population Decline in Recent Human History.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, vol. 104, no. 49, National Academy of Sciences, 2007, pp. 19214–19.

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