تدور الحلقة حول قصة قيام الرايخ الثاني أو المحاولة الثانية لتوحيد الناطقين بالألمانية في إمبراطورية واحدة بعد زوال الإمبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة التي أسسها شارلمان على يد نابليون بونابرت عام 1806، تتناول الحلقة قصة المستشار الحديدي "بسمارك" الذي نجح عبر هندسة ثلاثة حروب بشكل متعمد ومخطط مع الدانمارك والنمسا وفرنسا في تحويل ألمانيا من 39 ولاية متحاربة ومتشرذمة إلى إمبراطورية مخيفة، وكيف تحولت ثقافة الحرب لخلق الروح الألمانية إلى نبوءة ستجعل ألمانيا تصنع جحيم الحربين العالميتين
#الدحيح
المصادر :
1-Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898)
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/bismarck_otto_von.shtml
2-Otto von Bismarck: a brief guide to the ‘founder of modern Germany’
https://www.historyextra.com/period/victorian/otto-von-bismarck-unification-germany-unify-biography-facts-how-prussian-politician/
3-Otto von Bismarck/ britannica
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Otto-von-Bismarck
4-Otto von Bismarck/ history
https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/otto-von-bismarck
5-How has Bismarck escaped most of the blame for the first world war?
https://www.theguardian.com/world/blog/2014/dec/31/bismarck-escaped-blame-first-world-war
6-Bismarck: A Life by Jonathan Steinberg – review
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/mar/19/bismarck-life-jonathan-steinberg-review
7-/ Being Bismarck/ hoover institute
https://www.hoover.org/research/being-bismarck
8-Otto von Bismarck: How did he maintain peace in Europe
https://moderndiplomacy.eu/2020/08/31/otto-von-bismarck-how-did-he-maintain-peace-in-europe/?fbclid=IwAR0miHByu20CvomOyw6EtMgFL0iRLj82gEwbfRrXynD-DMKd-yLaBAueRNU
9-Bismarck: a Chancellor and Demon - Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=6Z5uu0Sfajs&t=3s
10-Bismarck: a Chancellor and Demon - Part 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=XDSEtQxBO2U&t=892s
11-One man, three wars and the creation of Germany
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/one-man-three-wars-and-the-creation-of-germany/2022/01/07/0d4d840e-5787-11ec-a808-3197a22b19fa_story.html
12-The Germanic Tribes
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/atd-herkimer-westerncivilization/chapter/the-germanic-tribes/
13-HISTORY OF GERMANIA
https://germaniamint.com/history-of-germania/
14-The First Reich: The Holy Roman Empire - See U in History
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1mLC2GsocE
15-What Were the 1st and 2nd Reichs?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=YtlXi-D5gWo&t=7s
16-Battle of Austerlitz
https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2253/battle-of-austerlitz/
17-The Confederation of the Rhine
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zqyrcdm/revision/2
18-The Revolutions of 1848: A Wave of Anti-Monarchism Sweeps Europe
https://www.thecollector.com/revolutions-of-1848-anti-monarchism-europe/
19-The Congress of Vienna: Redrawing Europe
https://www.thecollector.com/congress-of-vienna-redrawing-europe
/
https://www.historytoday.com/archive/what-was-congress-vienna
20-What was the Schleswig-Holstein Question anyway?
https://jonn.substack.com/p/what-was-the-schleswig-holstein-question
21-Austro-Prussian War
https://newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Austro-Prussian_War
22-THE EMS DISPATCH: THE TELEGRAM THAT STARTED THE FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR
https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/articles/the-ems-dispatch-the-telegram-that-started-the-franco-prussian-war/
23-Ems telegram
https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095750459;jsessionid=CABCBB35245FBE217E71DBC82DCCDB7C
24-Death and sacrifice in the Franco-Prussian war
https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/73461/
25-louis xiii and versailles
https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/history#louis-xiii-and-versailles1607-1638
https://en.chateauversailles.fr/news/exhibitions/treaty-versailles#a-diplomatic-reception
https://en.versailles-tourisme.com/visit-and-explore-versailles-the-royal-town/palace-of-versailles-visits/the-palace-of-versailles/the-treaty-of-versailles#:~:text=This%20event%20led%20to%20Versailles,on%20several%20occasions%20in%201918.
https://myprivateparis.com/the-100th-anniversary-of-the-treaty-of-versailles /
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/treaty-versailles-ends-wwi/
26-How The World Went To War In 1914
https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/how-the-world-went-to-war-in-1914