تدور حلقة كارت أحمر حول تاريخ التحكيم الكروي، كيف ظهر؟ وكيف تطور إلى صورته الحالية الآن؟
ظهر التحكيم كمحاولة للحد من العنف في اللعبة واختلاف الفريقين حوله، وبتطور تاريخ التحكيم ظهرت اختراعات مثل ضربات الجزاء والكروت الصفراء و غيرها لتخفيف وطأة العُنف، لكن بمرور الوقت تحول التحكيم لأحد أكبر أوجه القصور في اللعبة والتي يجب حلها اعتمادًا على التكنولوجيا وصولًا لاستبدال الحكم بالكامل، تحاول الحلقة مساءلة قدرة الحكم البشري على منافسة التكنولوجيا في اتخاذ القرارات الحكيمة داخل مساحة صغيرة مثل الملعب أو مساحة كبرى مثل المجتمعات الانسانية
#الدحيح
المصادر
1-The History Of Football
https://www.football-stadiums.co.uk/articles/the-history-of-football/
2-Italy World Cup Rewind: Infamy at the Battle of Santiago, 1962
https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1976117-italy-world-cup-rewind-infamy-at-the-battle-of-santiago-1962
3-Yellow card in football: Know its use and history
https://olympics.com/en/news/football-yellow-card-rules-history
4-Referees and Match Officials
https://www.football-stadiums.co.uk/articles/referees-and-match-officials/
5-The Encylopedia of British Football
Referee
https://spartacus-educational.com/Freferee.htm
6-The evolution of referees in the English Premier League
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14660970.2022.2059867
7-The charm of the uniform in football
https://www.nssmag.com/en/sports/17390/referee-the-attraction-of-the-uniform-in-football
8-Football refereeing: An integrative review
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1469029217300092
9-THE EFFECTS OF REFEREES ON THE FINAL SCORE IN FOOTBALL
https://www.redalyc.org/journal/5723/572366594004/html/
10-The inside story of how FIFA's controversial VAR system was born
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/var-football-world-cup
11-Referee Bias in Professional Football: Favoritism Toward Successful Teams in Potential Penalty Situations
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspor.2020.00019/full
12-Referees could be replaced by AI robots in 30 years, experts claim
https://bit.ly/482wm36
13-Sport and Civilisation: Violence Mastered. From the Lack of a Definition for Violence to the Illusory Pacifying Role of Modern Sports
https://bit.ly/48XteXN
14-Is video referee technology ruining football?
https://asianews.network/is-video-referee-technology-ruining-football/
15-Soccer, Tech, and Mindfulness: Is the use of modern technology ruining football?
https://mindful.technology/soccer-tech-mindfulness/
16-VAR is changing decision making in football to the detriment of the fairness of the sport
https://bit.ly/3SnJSZr
17-Implementation of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) as a Career Change-Event: The Israeli Premier League Case Study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7668198/
18-Top 10 Best Football Referees Of All Time | Exclusive List
https://sportsmonkie.com/best-football-referees/
19-Best football referees of all time
https://sportmob.com/en/article/890431-best-football-referees-of-all-time
20-Pierluigi Collina
https://bit.ly/3SLnWI3
21-The best referee ever? Why I love... Pierluigi Collina
https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/pierluigi-collina-best-ever-referee-var-italian-world-cup
22-PIERLUIGI COLLINA: THE OUTLIER IN BLACK
https://thesefootballtimes.co/2019/10/14/pierluigi-collina-the-outlier-in-black/
23-Why Pierluigi Collina is the most LEGENDARY Referee in Football
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=IgOQqWdjH7E
24-Pierluigi Collina Quotes And His Legacy Turning A Legend Referee
https://rainyquote.com/pierluigi-collina-quotes/
25-Top 22 Worst Refereeing Decisions in World Football History
https://bleacherreport.com/articles/915954-top-22-worst-refereeing-decisions-in-world-football-history
26-hand of frog
https://waterfordwhispersnews.com/2017/11/10/hand-of-frog-a-look-back-at-the-greatest-injustice-in-human-history/
27-Could robots do better than our current leaders?
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/10/could-robot-government-lead-better-current-politicians-ai/
28-Nine robots held a press conference and said they could be better leaders than humans
https://bit.ly/3w2Olcx
29-AI robot panel tells UN press conference they could be better world leaders than humans
https://bit.ly/3w4cxLC
30-Could a robot be prime minister? Machines will soon be smart enough to run the world, says futurist
https://bit.ly/3ur097O
31-How artificial intelligence is branching out into politics
https://www.forbesindia.com/article/lifes/how-artificial-intelligence-is-branching-out-into-politics/80717/1
32-Meet Zoltan, the presidential candidate who drives a coffin
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20151127-meet-zoltan-the-strangest-candidate-running-for-president
33-Interview with star soccer referee Pierluigi Collina
https://www.egonzehnder.com/insight/interview-with-star-soccer-referee-pierluigi-collina
34-AI Has Run 100,000 Simulations And Predicted The 2022 World Cup Winner
https://www.iflscience.com/ai-has-run-100-000-simulations-and-predicted-the-2022-world-cup-winner-66314