Symphonic poems (a.k.a. Tone Poems, or Concert Overtures, or just Overtures) are pieces of music about something--a story, a philosophical ideal, an object--anything descriptive that isn't an abstract sequence of feelings and moods. The music conjures up images, often with the assistance of an external description or "program," hence the term "program music," into which general category the works below also fall.
Beethoven: Leonore Overture No. 3
Liszt: Mazeppa (Symphonic Poem No. 6)
Franck: Le Chasseur Maudit (The Accursed Huntsman)
Tchaikovsky: Romeo and Juliet
Mussorgsky: A Night on Bald Mountain
Strauss: Death and Transfiguration (Tod und Verklärung)
Dvořák: The Water Goblin
Dukas: The Sorcerer’s Apprentice
Sibelius: Pohjola’s Daughter
Debussy: La Mer (The Sea)