By 2050, India is projected to face a demographic shift where half of its adult population will be elderly, while its younger population sees a sharp decline. This trend is driven by falling birth rates, increasing life expectancy, and urbanization, which are reshaping the country’s age structure. The shrinking workforce could pose economic challenges, straining pensions, healthcare, and social support systems. At the same time, India must adapt its policies to maintain productivity and economic growth while ensuring adequate care for its aging citizens. This shift marks a significant transformation in India's demographic future with far-reaching implications.