What is fertilizer, what is fertilization, what are the nutrients that the plant needs, and we will talk about the major nutrients and the micro nutrients, we will learn about the types of fertilizers, and the times of adding
The process of composting is adding the nutrients that the plant needs to the ground and this is called (ground composting) or we sprinkle them on the surface of the plant and this is called (foliar fertilization), and fertilization is one of the most important processes that affect the quantity and quality of the crop, that is why we must take great care of it.
The plant needs some nutrients in large quantities, and these elements are (carbon and oxygen) and this plant obtains them from the air, such as (phosphorous, potassium, nitrogen, sulfur, magnesium and calcium) and their source countries are soil, and because the plant needs them in large quantities called the major nutrients .
And there are some nutrients that the plant needs in very small quantities, but at the same time it is very necessary to help the plant in the vital activities that it performs, and help it increase its ability to absorb the main nutrients, and these elements (iron, manganese, zinc, copper and chlorine) And the plant needs them in small quantities called micro-nutrients.
First: Nitrogen
The nitrogen element encourages the vegetative growth of the plant, which is why we fertilize it as soon as the real leaves of the plant appear to help increase the yield.
Second: Phosphorous
This element is very necessary for the formation and strengthening of roots, and necessary for the formation of starch, and therefore necessary for strong growth and disease resistance, and this element is essential for tuber and root crops such as potatoes, sugar beets, potatoes and taro.
Third: potassium (K)
The most important benefit of the phosphorous element is that it helps to form flowers and hold fruits and increase their quality, and also helps to increase the growth of stems and leaves and increase the degree of plant resistance to diseases, and we add phosphorous fertilizer to the plant at the beginning of flowering.
And because these 3 elements are the most important nutrients for plants, we always hear about the importance of NPK fertilizer, which is nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium.
The main 3 types of fertilizers.
First: mineral fertilizers
This is what we say about it colloquially (chemical) because it is prepared industrially, and the percentage of the nutritional element in it is high, and there are fertilizers in a simple form and they contain one nutritional element, and in them there is a compound picture that contains more than one nutritional element, and the most famous compounds of these fertilizers
1. Nitrogenous fertilizers.. These are fertilizers that contain a high percentage of nitrogen - which is nitrogen - and are combined with other chemical compounds such as .. lime nitrate (15.5% nitrogen), ammonium sulfate (20.5% nitrogen) and ammonium nitrate (33.5 percent). % nitrogen) and urea, and this is a very popular and essential fertilizer for farmers (46% nitrogen).
2. Phosphate fertilizers.. These are fertilizers that contain a high percentage of phosphorous and are combined with other chemical compounds, the most famous of which are: mono-calcium superphosphate (15.5% phosphorous) and concentrated calcium superphosphate (47% phosphorous).
3. Potassium fertilizers.. These are fertilizers that contain a high percentage of potassium and are combined with other chemical compounds, the most famous of which is potassium sulfate (46% potassium).
4. Compound fertilizers, including those that contain nitrogen and phosphorous such as ammonium phosphate (18% nitrogen and 46% phosphorous) or mono-ammonia phosphate (11% nitrogen and 48% phosphorous), and the most famous compound fertilizers are nitrophska fertilizers, which contain the three elements (Nitrogen - Phosphorous - Potassium) in percentages of (15% - 15% - 15%) or (20% - 20% - 20%).
Second: organic fertilizer
In colloquial slang, it consists of plant or animal waste and residues or a mixture of the two, and usually it is the mattress that we spread under the animal such as rice straw, dirt or sawdust mixed with urine and animal excrement, and this is in its initial form, the percentage of nutrients in it is very low It is decomposed to increase the proportion of nutrients in it.
Third: decomposed organic fertilizer (compost)
This is the fertilizer that will be formed from the decomposition of organic fertilizer in farms, and this fertilizer is very useful for all clay and desert lands because it is very rich in major nutrients that help raise the efficiency of the soil and improve its natural and nutritional properties.
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