On the morning of the 21st of November 1920 teams of IRA men shot and killed British Intelligence agents throughout Dublin in a concentrated attack. Hours later British forces responded by entering a Gaelic Football match at Croke Park and firing into the crowd, resulting in the deaths of 14 civilians. Immortalized as Bloody Sunday, just one of a number of violent days in Irish history to be given the title, the events and those involved have become legendary, to the point of becoming myth. Who were the men who were shot dead that morning and what was “the Cairo Gang”?
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References:
T. Ryle Dwyer - “The Squad” - https://amzn.to/36QZLQt
Paul McMahon - “British Spies & Irish Rebels” - https://amzn.to/38UGIY4
Fergus O’Farrell - “Cathal Brugha” - https://amzn.to/2HdNU61
Anne Dolan, William Murphy - “Michael Collins” - https://amzn.to/2HdVgqh
Truth, Lies & Revenge: The Squad, ASU, GHQ Intelligence - and More
https://www.customhousecommemoration.com/2017/10/14/truth-lies-revenge-the-squad-asu-and-the-intelligence-office-and-more-custom-house-burning/
Killing and Bloody Sunday, November 1920
http://www.tara.tcd.ie/bitstream/handle/2262/57090/Killing%20and%20Bloody%20Sunday,%20November%201920.pdf?sequence=1
Seán Russell and the IRA
https://www.theirishstory.com/2020/07/02/the-only-irishman-that-was-incorruptible-sean-russell-and-the-ira-part-one-1893-1930/#.X7VbpWj7SUl
British Intelligence in Ireland
http://www.bloodysunday.co.uk/
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Main Sources:
Military Archives - http://www.bureauofmilitaryhistory.ie
Century Ireland - https://www.rte.ie/centuryireland
Diarmuid Lynch, Irish Revolutionary - http://diarmuidlynch.weebly.com/
The Auxiliary Division - https://theauxiliaries.com/
Atlas of the Irish Revolution - https://amzn.to/3npOEFj
Maurice Walsh - “Bitter Freedom” - https://amzn.to/30Dtutx
Charles Townshend - "The Republic" - https://amzn.to/33AJ0IC
Michael Hopkinson - ”The Irish War of Independence” - https://amzn.to/2Sxif1l
Diarmuid Ferriter - “A Nation and not a Rabble” - https://amzn.to/2SFUiF7
Ronan Fanning - “Fatal Path” - https://amzn.to/3lmswKq
Richard Abbott - “Police Casualties in Ireland 1919 - 1922” - https://amzn.to/3lmsMJo
Photos:
Military Archives
NLI Flickr account
Wiki Commons