MS-DOS (probably most DOS flavors) is limited to accessing 1MB of system memory. The base memory is even less at 640K with another 384K reserved for system functions. With a clever hack, MS-DOS can access and additional 32MB! The main driver behind EMS was Lotus who was keen to get as much extra memory as possible to run large spreadsheet applications.
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▬▬▬▬ *Timestamps* ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
00:00 Setup with 1MB memory
02:37 8086 preview
04:33 Default memory configuration
07:40 The Elder Scrolls: Arena requires EMS
09:30 How EMS works
11:00 Turbo EMS installation
18:24 Happy days: EMS memory
21:38 Trying TES: Arena with Turbo EMS
27:50 Upgrade to 4MB
31:15 Moving the Page Frame
39:00 Replace Turbo EMS with HIMEM and EMM386
42:10 TES: Arena finally works