Holocephali, the oldest branch of Sharks

CHONDRICHTHYES Pt.1/4 Part one about the Holocephali that includes early sharks and chimaeras Part two : https://youtu.be/AQwvTAuP8rw?si=IDLMVKGZKnPDo_zT Part three : https://youtu.be/YKUOzNwo1bw?si=1lTeBpG6J2qonvfm Part four : https://youtu.be/pqashyfW-wA?si=TmmW2AGgU5k-bfgR Music by White Bat audio https://www.youtube.com/@WhiteBatAudio Thumbnail : montage with Ceri Thomas's art Illustrations by Julio Lacerda, Mario Lanzas and Ceri Thomas Icons next to names indicate the diet : 🐟 Fish 🦪 Shelly mollusks 💮 Reef organisms 🪱 Invertebrates 🦀 Aquatic arthropods 🐚 Ammonites 🦑 Cephalopods The whole playlist : https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZFljdk_R2daQUpjwiAOvjlP8M0rt5a8H&si=pe_1sH_ET43haNpr Sources and more informations about the animals shown : Orodus - https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=34473 Harpagofututor - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-P34750.html Belantsea - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/b/belantsea.html Delphyodontos - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Delphyodontos-dacriformes-right-side-F-fecal-bolus-L-lateral-line-R-caudal_fig3_6019589 Menaspis - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4824156.html Deltoptychius - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/d/deltoptychius.html Iniopteryx - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/i/iniopteryx.html Symmorium - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Symmorium-sp-teeth-South-Urals-Sikaza-early-Tournaisian-a-b-S-sulcata-Zone_fig2_240675108 Cobelodus - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/c/cobelodus.html Falcatus - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/f/falcatus.html Stethacanthus - https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-stethacanthus-1093704 Cladoselache - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/c/cladoselache.html Maghriboselache - https://www.sci.news/paleontology/maghriboselache-mohamezanei-11800.html Ornithoprion - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/o/ornithoprion.html Edestus - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6726245/ Helicoprion - https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/helicoprion/ Campyloprion - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330970918_Campyloprion_a_little-known_Helicoprion-like_shark_The_story_behind_the_article Echinochimaera - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/e/echinochimaera.html Metopacanthus - https://www.mindat.org/taxon-4824992.html Squaloraja - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/370887017_Squaloraja_Riley_1833_Holocephala_Squalorajidae_from_the_Lower_Jurassic_of_Osteno Pacific spookfish - https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/pacific-spookfish-rhinochimaera-pacifica-mitsukuri-1895/ Australian ghostshark - https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Callorhinchus_milii/ Spotted ratfish - https://oceana.org/marine-life/spotted-ratfish/ Silver chimaera - https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Chimaera-phantasma 0:00 Introduction 0:35 Chondrichthyes 1:15 Holocephali 4:55 Symmoriiformes 8:00 Cladoselachiformes 10:00 Eugeneodontida 14:30 Chimaeriformes