0:00 - That Ukrainian solar heater
0:42 - Another Finnish invention
1:39 - Summer heating of the cone up to 275 ⁰C
4:25 - Why are those heat leaks so small?
7:38 - The main method against the heat leaks
8:57 - Winter heating of the house with the hot cone 275 ⁰C
10:18 - Construction cost
12:52 - The space heating in autumn
14:43 - The space heating in winter
Before the war, these solar heaters were made in this big Ukrainian city which is now located 20 km from the front line. Here we see mirrors which direct solar radiation onto this tube. That is why solar radiation can heat water or other liquid circulating through the tube to several hundred degrees.
The device should slowly rotate according to the movement of the sun across the sky, but now I show its rotation when the sun disappears, and this position radically reduces the accumulation of dust on the mirrors. This is its return to operation, for the conversion of solar radiation into thermal energy.
In addition, we will also use this invention from Finland. This tank will be filled with sand which will be heated to approximately 500 ⁰C during the summer, and this thermal energy is stored until the winter to be used for space heating. These Finnish guys have invented how to radically reduce these heat leaks with the help of this pipe.
But I will change their invention, including in the sense that those solar heaters will heat a similar cone of sand and gravel to almost 300 ⁰C during the summer, so that this thermal energy will heat a house in the winter. Here we need to install thick thermal insulation, which will give approximately this appearance to our heat storage. These 130 cubic meters of soil can heap up here, or we can form such terraces. Or our white ball can be buried more deeply, and these few hundred cubic meters of soil will make the slopes of the hill more horizontal.
Let's place our house near the hometown of these guys, near this Finnish city of Tampere. It is funny that this is not far from this place where the most famous Santa Claus lives in the terrible frost and long polar night.
Space heating of our house near Tampere would require approximately 2 such solar heaters, or they can be replaced by any parabolic dishes with a total area of 40 sq.m of mirrors. Or by such parabolic troughs, but they must be capable of not only such a rotation, but also rotation around a vertical axis.
Here, or in these receivers, solar radiation will heat up such thermal oil with a temperature of about 300 ⁰C. It is known that thermal oils are used as a liquid heat carrier in solar heaters of this type with a heating temperature of almost 400 ⁰C.
This pump will create a circulation of hot oil between our solar heaters and the pipe of this spiral. The solar heaters increase the temperature of the oil to about 300 ⁰C, and the oil gives this thermal energy to the sand and gravel here, and returns to the solar heaters. All the spirals heat only this hot core, 3 spirals here with a total length of their pipes of 240 m. This core is 108 tons of similar sand and gravel mixture, which is usually cheaper than ordinary sand.
Summer in Finland has a little more sunny days than cloudy days, and the duration of the night is only a few hours. Therefore, our solar heaters will make almost a full rotation during a long summer day in Finland.
40 sq.m of mirrors of all our solar heaters will produce these kilowatt-hours of thermal energy which will heat those 108 tons of gravel and sand in the hot core in this way. You can easily calculate that this heating from 80 ⁰C in early May up to 275 ⁰C in September will take only 26% of this heat.
Another 27% will be taken by this heating of additional 124 tons of sand which form these parts of the cone and are heated by these flows of thermal energy from the hot core.
The same thermal flows heat this part, which is 130 tons of granules that will be described in 7 minutes, and whose average temperature increases in this way from May to September. Heating them will take another 17 of this thermal energy, and the remaining 30% will become these heat leaks from our cone into the environment, and now we will analyze these heat leaks more carefully.
Our cone is surrounded by this very thick thermal insulation with a thickness of almost 2 m, and it will be described in 7 minutes. In addition, this layer of sand with a thickness of about 1 m provides additional thermal insulation. That is why the temperature here is noticeably lower than this temperature of the core, as a result of which heat leaks in these directions are reduced.
It is interesting that 52% of the energy of heat leaks goes through that thick insulation, and the remaining 48% of the leaks go this way, and let's take a closer look at this way.