In basically to finding the column size is little difficult. But not much, to find column size we need to follow three steps
Step : 1 - Assumption
Step : 2 - Stiffness checking
Step : 3 - Load acting on the structure.
Assumption:-
If you are going to construct residential or commercial building, all we have to do planning ( 2D drawing), with the help of the plan we can mark the column positioning. With the help of column position we can assume the Length x breads x depth.
In column length mean Height of the column, usually we are using min 3m (10') maximum depends up on the usage.
Breadth and Depth normally we can assume 200mm minimum depth as per IS code 456.
We can take this are you can move to next size too, its just an assumption.
Stiffness checking:-
K = I / L
K, Stiffness
I, Moment of inertia
L, Unsupported length.
I = bd3/12
b- Breadth of the column
d- Depth of the column
Moment of inertia means resisting force of the internal body. Stiffness means how much its strong, higher stiffness means higher strength, lower stiffness mean lower strength.
Load acting on the structure
There are "n" number of the load, DEAD LOAD, WIND LOAD, EARTH QUAKE LOAD, WIND LOAD, SNOW LOAD, COMBINATION LOAD.
Depends upon your site condition and economical condition and requirement we need to consider the load i mention
Basically, DL, LL, WL and EQ loads are enough.
Dead Load - Dead loads are nothing the self weight of the structure, means weight of beam, weight of column, weight of brick work , weight of slab, weight of plastering, weight of floor finishing.
TO NEED TO KNOW MORE ABOUT DEAD LOAD MEANS REF. : IS 875 (part-I)-1987.
Live Load - Live load are nothing the load acting on the structure, Depending on the use age the live load will acting, for residential purpose normally we take 2 kN, in specific only kitchen, hall, bedroom. 3kN for steps and balcony area.
TO NEED TO KNOW MORE ABOUT LIVE LOAD MEANS REF. : IS 875 (part-II)-1987.
Wind load and Earth Quake loads are called as lateral loads, We can consider only one load either wind or seismic for economical purpose, we can also consider both the loads too.
TO NEED TO KNOW MORE ABOUT LATERAL LOAD MEANS REF. : IS 875 (part-III)-1987.
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