Disciplined battalions, abbreviated as Disbats or as they are called by Diesel soldiers, appeared in the Soviet army even before the start of World War II, in 1940. They served sentences: ordinary soldiers, junior commanders and military personnel called up from the reserve. Soldiers who committed minor crimes and were convicted by the Military Tribunal were sent to the Disbat for a period of 6 months to 2 years.
When the Great Patriotic War began, most of the disciplined battalions were disbanded. The soldiers serving their sentences there were sent to the front, or enlisted in ordinary military units. Convicted for more serious crimes, they were sent to specially created penal battalions, Penal Battalions.
When the war ended, penal battalions and penal companies were disbanded. The newly convicted servicemen were sent to the post-war Disbats, which still exist.
After the recruit took the military oath, he officially became a soldier and was criminally responsible for all his actions.
In the Soviet Union, they tried not to talk much about Disbats, some high-profile cases began to get into the press only in the early 80s.
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