NATO is the world’s most successful political-military alliance. Over 75 years, it has managed to withstand challenges, expand its roles and mission and even grow significantly in size. But how has it persisted so long, and how has time and tribulation changed the organisation?
From the day it was founded in 1949 to the reinforcement of Eastern Europe in 2022, this documentary explores the moments that define the Organisation today, through the eyes and personal experiences of people who have witnessed these pivotal moments from the unique perspective of ‘insiders’, as former NATO staff.
During the Cold War, NATO successfully deterred the Soviet Union from aggression against Western Europe. In the 1990s, NATO helped to end ethnic conflicts in the Western Balkans. After the terrorist attacks against the United States on 9/11, it measured up to its purpose, invoking Article 5, the founding treaty’s collective defence clause, for the first time, and mobilising to defend Allies against further terrorist violence. And when Russia launched its brutal, full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, NATO rushed troops to Eastern Europe, assuring Allies of their safety while deterring further aggression from Russia.
In 2024, NATO is larger and more powerful – politically and militarily – than it was in 1949. Yet for all that has changed, it remains committed to its core goal of collective defence.
📺 Quicklinks / Chapters:
▶️ 00:00 Introduction
▶️ 01:50 | 1945 - Europe in a post-war political and economic chaos, Soviet Union installs communist governments in Eastern Europe
▶️ 02:25 | 1949 - Leaders from North America and Western Europe meet in Washington, DC. to sign a treaty stating that an attack against one Ally would be considered an attack against all
▶️ 03:12 | Countries in the Eastern Bloc, lead by the Soviet Union, are forced to sign a separate treaty known as the Warsaw Pact
▶️ 03:41 | 1961 - In Berlin and beyond, a wall is built to prevent people in the East from escaping to the West
▶️ 04:16 | The Cold War
▶️ 05:26 | 1989 - Fall of the Berlin Wall is the catalyst for the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the end of the Cold War
▶️ 07:05 | Yugoslavia starts to break apart leading to a series of conflicts marked by ethnic violence. The fighting is particularly fierce in Bosnia and Herzegovina
▶️ 08:17 | in August 1995, to end Serb-led violence in the country, UN Peacekeepers requested NATO airstrikes
▶️ 08:33 | 1998 - Ethnic tensions again intensify in the region. Slobodan Milošević, orders a brutal crackdown on ethnic Albanians in Kosovo
▶️ 08:57 | NATO launches an air campaign in 1999 to halt the humanitarian crisis unfolding in Kosovo. NATO's intervention ended the conflict.
▶️ 09:40 | Today, NATO's Kosovo Force, KFOR, which was established in June 1999 under mandate of a United Nations Security Council Resolution continues to provide security to all the people in Kosovo
▶️ 10:15 | Several former Warsaw Pact countries join the Alliance
▶️ 11:27 | September 11 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States of America
▶️ 13:17 | in October 2001, a US-led coalition launches military operations in Afghanistan. For 20 years, NATO Allied and Partner forces assist the Afghan government to build its security forces and provide security in the country. In August 2021, NATO forces leave Afghanistan after the Afghan government is overthrown
▶️ 14:04 | Arab Spring. In Libya, Muammar Gaddafi's regime responds to protests with military crackdowns, airstrikes on civilian areas and widespread human rights abuses. In March 2011, authorised by the UN Security Council, NATO commences airstrikes against Gaddafi's forces. NATO's involvement in Libya ends in October 2011 following the collapse of the Gaddafi regime
▶️ 14:51 | 2014 - Russian troops without insignias occupy key locations across the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea. In March 2014, Russia illegally annexes Crimea.
▶️ 16:03 | Following Russia's aggressive actions, NATO deploys combat troops to the east of the Alliance for the first time
▶️ 16:20 | Russia conducts a brutal and unprovoked full-scale invasion of Ukraine
▶️ 17:53 | Finland and Sweden choose to abandon their neutral status and join NATO
▶️ 18:30 | Epilogue
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