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Pathology of Angina Pectoris : Stable Angina - USMLE Step 1
Angina Pectoris
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A condition characterized by paroxysmal attacks of retrosternal chest discomfort, tightness, or pressure due to myocardial ischemia. Most commonly occurs in individuals with coronary heart disease. Triggers include exertion or stress, which results in increased myocardial oxygen demand.
โข Typically retrosternal chest pain or pressure
โข Pain can also radiate to left arm, neck, jaw, epigastric region, or back.
โข Pain does not depend on body position or respiration
โข No chest wall tenderness
โข Angina may be absent, particularly in younger patients
โข Often gradual progression
โข Can also present as gastrointestinal discomfort
Dyspnea
Dizziness, palpitations
Restlessness, anxiety
Autonomic symptoms (e.g., diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, syncope)
Stable angina
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Symptoms are reproducible/predictable
โข Complaints often subside within minutes , with rest or after administration of nitroglycerin
โข Common triggers
โข Mental or physical stress
โข Exposure to cold
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