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General anesthetics are a group of drugs commonly used in major surgery to produce unconsciousness, analgesia, and depression of reflexes. Local anesthetics are used to block nerve transmission, to reduce or eliminate sensation of pain in small area of the body without affecting consciousness. This pharmacology lecture covers topics such as four stages of anesthesia (induction, excitement, surgical anesthesia, medullary paralysis), mechanism of action and common side effects of general and local anesthetics, GABA-A receptors, NMDA receptors, 2-pore-domain potassium channels, alpha-2A adrenergic receptors. Drugs mentioned include; Etomidate, Propofol, Barbiturates, Ketamine, Nitrous Oxide, Xenon, Cyclopropane, Halothane, Enflurane, Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, Desflurane, Dexmedetomidine, Bupivacaine, Lidocaine, Mepivacaine, Procaine, Ropivacaine, and Tetracaine.
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0:00 Intro
1:06 Stages of anesthesia
2:03 General anaesthetics
8:36 Dexmedetomidine
9:31 Local anesthetics