Believe it not, Einstein originally thought the universe was static. It would take Alexander Friedmann to correct him. Here are the Friedmann equations, explained simply.
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VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS
What was the Big Bang?
https://youtu.be/SJ7h_ZpBkvM
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SOURCES
Einstein's Papers:
https://einstein-annalen.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/related_texts/sitzungsberichte
Friedmann's Paper:
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026751225741
Einstein's Biggest Blunder:
https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.06768
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AFFILIATE LINKS TO BOOK SOURCES
"Spacetime and Geometry"
by Sean Carroll
https://amzn.to/3bLFLFm
"General Relativity"
by Robert Wald
https://amzn.to/3vREnrs
"Gravitation"
by Misner, Thorne, and Wheeler
https://amzn.to/3vSvQEz
FTC Disclosure: These are affiliate links, which means I may receive a commission for purchases made through my links.
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LINKS TO COMMENTS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ7h_ZpBkvM&lc=UgxTfK2fAIS9cYpNZWp4AaABAg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ7h_ZpBkvM&lc=Ugyv5uvFHbUnC-T4D314AaABAg.A2zx_zdVchvA2zzJKboF_B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ7h_ZpBkvM&lc=Ugyv5uvFHbUnC-T4D314AaABAg.A2zx_zdVchvA35rpX1EHfM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ7h_ZpBkvM&lc=Ugwod11O8lvPUPVhdHN4AaABAg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJ7h_ZpBkvM&lc=UgycQgCT7esyKB3VCG54AaABAg
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IMAGE/VIDEO CREDITS
Einstein Portraits:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:08608_einstein_1916.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Einstein_1921_portrait2.jpg
https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A294080
Hilbert Portrait:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hilbert.jpg
Friedmann Portrait:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aleksandr_Fridman.png
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TIME CODES
00:00 Intro
00:17 Brief History of Cosmology
00:58 Friedmann Equations
03:24 Possible Futures of a Universe
06:05 Changes in the Scale Factor
09:51 Matter, Dark Matter, and Light
11:09 Dark Energy
12:41 Closing Thoughts
13:38 Featured Comment