This video covers basic principles for pruning and training apple trees and new strategies to improve fruit quality in modern plantings. Sunlight can move about 4 ft into a tree canopy before it becomes limiting. Strategic pruning and training create windows into tree canopies to let sunlight in. For information on specific training systems, please visit Cookbook Guidelines for Training Various Apple Production Systems at http://extension.psu.edu/plants/tree-fruit/commercial-tree-fruit-production/pruning-and-training/production-systems-for-apples