During World War II, the German Army recruited hundreds of thousands of Soviet citizens and Eastern Europeans as Hiwis (Hilfswillige, or “voluntary helpers”). Initially used in non-combat roles such as drivers, cooks, and laborers, many Hiwis were later armed and deployed in frontline units. These volunteers included Ukrainians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Russians, many of whom had been captured as prisoners of war or lived under Soviet rule. Motivated by anti-Communist sentiment, survival, or hostility toward Stalin’s regime, they saw service with the Germans as a preferable alternative to Soviet captivity or forced labor. By 1944, over 600,000 Hiwis served in various capacities, including in Wehrmacht combat units and auxiliaries like the infamous Trawniki men. Although German attitudes toward them ranged from suspicion to respect, many Hiwis proved loyal and effective. Their presence highlights the complex loyalties and harsh realities of the Eastern Front, where ideological and ethnic conflicts shaped individual choices.
History Hustle presents: The Tragic Fate of the Soviet Helpers – What Happened to Hiwis in German Ranks during World War II?
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SOURCES
– Stalingrad (Antony Beevor).
– Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland (Christopher R. Browning).
– Russia's War (Richard Overy).
– Hitler's Russian & Cossack Allies 1941-45 [Men-at-arms] (Nigel Thomas).
IMAGES
Images from commons.wikimedia.org.
VIDEO
Video material from:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sk1lUY9rh6M&ab_channel=WW2Albert
Battle of Stalingrad Color Footage [1942-1943] | HD WW2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xiDKUTWV9eY&ab_channel=HistoryAtWar
WW2: Battle Of Stalingrad (Intense Footage)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gu7X0ERRuJE&ab_channel=GermanWWIIArchive
German Newsweek No. 628- 16 Sep. 1942 [Full HD ](U-Boats St. Lawrence river, Caucasus/Stalingrad)
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"Constancy Part One"
"Lost Frontier"
"Dark Times"
"Failing Defense"
Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
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Freesound.org.
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