Carbonate hardness, temporary, permanent hardness, alkalinity – all United by the concept of "total hardness". In this video I will explain what does each of these terms. Will share tips on how to reduce the water hardness or to increase, or even eliminate through osmosis. You will learn what is alkalinity and how it relates to pH and the buffering solution.
#Procymidone I'll answer this #akvariumnye
0:18 what is the stiffness
0:32 GH
0:37 total hardness
01:13 temporary stiffness
01:45 permanent, sulfate
03:38 carbonate
04:11 bicarbonates, alkalinity of water
04:35 the test for KH
06:09 buffering
08:24 how to lower carbonate hardness
09:13 how to increase KH
10:14 simple methods to increase the stiffness
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