What is a particle in Wolfram's universe?

It’s pretty easy to see how three-dimensional space might arise from Wolfram Physics. The hypergraph kinda looks like space, and, for some rules, it kinda looks like it’s three-dimensional. But our universe isn’t just empty three-dimensional space. It’s mostly empty space, but there are also particles moving through that space: photons, neutrinos, electrons, quarks. Sometimes, these particles interact, annihilating each other and producing new particles. If Wolfram Physics is to be a successful model of our universe, it must, of course, model these elementary particles and their interactions. So where are the particles in the hypergraph? What is a particle in Wolfram’s universe? — Animations: - Thanks to Alan Dewar http://www.cuug.ab.ca/dewara/ for permission to use his excellent implementation of Conway’s Game of Life http://www.cuug.ab.ca/dewara/life/life.html for many of the animations in the video - Thanks also to Chris Rowett for permission to use his Life Viewer https://lazyslug.com/lifeviewer/ another beautiful implementation of Conway’s Game of Life, which I used for the greyship animation in the video and image in the thumbnail - Another implementation of Conway’s Game of Life, which reproduces the Life Lexicon from https://conwaylife.com/ref/lexicon/lex.htm is at https://playgameoflife.com/ Sources: - Talking of https://conwaylife.com/ that’s another incredible resource for information on Conway’s Game of Life Tools: - I created an RLE to text converter https://lasttheory.com/tools/rle-to-text-converter to convert Run Length Encoded https://conwaylife.com/wiki/Run_Length_Encoded patterns to plain text format Images: - John H Conway 2005 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_H_Conway_2005.jpg by Thane Plambeck https://www.flickr.com/photos/thane/ licensed under CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en Sounds: - Crickets choir https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crickets_choir.ogg by Serg Childed https://musictales.club/tags/nature-sounds licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en — The Last Theory https://lasttheory.com/ is hosted by Mark Jeffery https://markjeffery.com/ founder of the Open Web Mind https://www.openwebmind.com/ Prefer to listen to the audio? Search for The Last Theory in your podcast player, or listen at https://lasttheory.com/podcast/043-what-is-a-particle-in-wolframs-universe The full article is at https://lasttheory.com/article/what-is-a-particle-in-wolframs-universe Kootenay Village Ventures Inc.