В чем секрет потенциала экономики СССР перед экономикой Германии 1941-45. Алексей Исаев. История ВОВ

The victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany was possible due to the fact that the USSR surpassed it not only in military, but also in economic and moral - psychological confrontation. The war required maximum mobilization of forces and means to defeat the enemy.

At the beginning of the war the total industrial power of Germany exceeded the Soviet approximately twice. The first six months of the war were the most difficult for the Soviet economy. Industrial production fell by more than half, rolled ferrous metals - three times, non-ferrous metals - 430 times, etc. The production of airplanes, tanks, ammunition was sharply reduced, because at that time the main capacities were transferred to the east of the country.
Under the extremely strict leadership of the State Defense Committee (GKO), established on June 30, 1941, the evacuation of plants and factories and the transfer of the civilian sector of the economy to the military way was carried out. Enterprises that were taken to the east, relatively quickly began to produce products for the front. New factories "grew up", which in 4 - 6 months worked at full capacity, and by the middle of 1942 it was possible to fully launch the evacuated equipment and ensure the growth of production in heavy industries.

In general, by the beginning of the war, the Soviet economy was more efficient than the German economy. During the war years, the USSR produced almost twice as much military equipment and armaments.
The lecture is given by Alexei Isaev.