- The border dispute over Belagavi, Karwar, and Nipani in North Karnataka dates back to 1956 when state boundaries were redrawn based on linguistic lines.
- Belagavi was included in the former Mysore state following recommendations from the 1953 Justice Fazal Ali Commission.
- Maharashtra claims parts of Marathi-dominant Belagavi should be part of its state. In 1966, the Mahajan Commission was established to settle the border dispute, recommending Belgaum and 247 villages for Karnataka. Maharashtra disagreed and took the matter to the Supreme Court in 2004.
- Maharashtra claimed Belagavi and surrounding areas based on linguistic majority and contiguity. They also included Karwar and Supa, where Konkani is spoken, considering it a dialect of Marathi. Their argument relied on village-level linguistic population and historical records in Marathi.
- Karnataka contends that the State Reorganisation Act's boundaries are final and not open to renegotiation. Reopening border issues not outlined in the Act should be avoided.
- Inter-state disputes are often resolved through cooperation, with the Centre serving as a neutral mediator. Amicable resolutions may lead to laws altering state boundaries, as seen in cases like Bihar-Uttar Pradesh (1968) and Haryana-Uttar Pradesh (1979).
- In the Belagavi issue, Home Minister Amit Shah proposed a joint team of ministers from both states to address boundary issues.
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