Fyodor Truhin, one of five children of wealthy parents, was born on 29 February 1896 in the city of Kostroma, then part of the Russian Empire. The First World War began on the 28th of July 1914. Fyodor’s eldest brother Alexei served in the cavalry regiment in the army of General Alexander Samsonov and died in August 1914 in the Battle of Tannenberg, one of the early battles of World War I which was fought in east Prussia. In 1920 Fyodor Truhin took part in the Soviet-Polish war, which lasted from 1919 to 1921. While Lenin viewed the newly independent Poland as a critical route for spreading communist revolutions into Europe, Polish leaders aimed to restore Poland’s pre-1772 borders and secure the country's position in the region.On Sunday, 22 June 1941, under the codename Operation Barbarossa, Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union, its ally in the war against Poland. 5 days later Truhin was tasked with overseeing the withdrawal of Soviet troops in the area of the Lithuanin city of Panevėžys during the course of the Baltic Operation and on 28 June 1941, he became deputy staff commander of the Northwestern Front. On the following day, however, his life took a dramatic turn. When Truhin's car was attacked by several German armored vehicles 8 kilometres south of Latvian city of Jēkabpils, his adjutant was killed while he was wounded and captured. On 30 June 1941, Truhin was taken to the Schtalulelen prisoner of war camp and later transferred to Oflag XIII-D in Bavarian town of Hammelburg.
While in captivity, Truhin expressed his desire to cooperate with the German authorities. He joined the anti-communist “Russian People's Labor Party” and was soon appointed its “head of the military department.”
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